| Order Squamata – Amphisbaenids, lizards, and snakes |
| Suborder Serpentes – Snakes |
| ____ Florida cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) |
Locally common |
| Cottonmouths are heavy-bodied snakes usually found near damp or freshwater areas but utilize all non-saline island habitats. They are sometimes common in the Willow Pond area. Cottonmouths are live-bearing pit vipers (poisonous). |
| ____ Northern scarlet snake (Cemophora coccinea) |
Uncommon |
| This is a small, secretive, colorful, often fossorial snake found in and under logs and debris. It is only occasionally observed in the open. Oviparous. |
| ____ Southern black racer (Coluber constrictor) |
Common |
| All terrestrial habitats on island from interdune to deep forest are utilized by black racers. They are diurnal, oviparous, and probably the most frequently seen snake on the island. |
| ____ Eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) |
Uncommon |
| The diamondback occurs in all terrestrial habitats of the island, but nowhere is it common. It is most likely encountered in pine woods near grassy savannas any month of the year. Diamondbacks are live bearers and pit vipers (poisonous). |
| ____ Canebrake rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus) |
Rare |
| Very few specimens of this species have been documented on the island. They prefer poorly drained floodplains but may be found in almost any habitat. They are pit vipers (poisonous) and live-bearers. |
| ____ Southern ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus) |
Rare |
| This small oviparous species prefers damp, forested areas with rotten stumps, logs, and debris. It has not been reported from other barrier islands lacking bridges. |
| ____ Corn snake (Elaphe guttata) |
Occasional |
| The pretty red rat snake inhabits forested areas and the interdune area. It is found around old buildings and in trees. Young are occasionally found under bark of dead trees. It is oviparous and primarily diurnal. |
| ____ Yellow rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta) |
Common |
| All forested areas, buildings, and trees are the habitat of this species. Yellow rat snakes are both diurnal and nocturnal, and oviparous. Some reach lengths of over 2 meters. |
| ____ Eastern mud snake (Farancia abacura) |
Rare |
| Mud snakes are very secretive and found in and near freshwater ponds and sloughs. The species is oviparous, and amphiumas form a major portion of their diet. |
| ____ Eastern kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) |
Uncommon |
| Once found island-wide, this species has been seen less frequently in recent years. It is diurnal and oviparous. |
| ____ Scarlet king snake (Lampropeltis triangulum) |
Uncommon |
| This small to medium-sized oviparous snake is found in pine woods, often under the bark of standing, dead trees or in rotten logs or stumps. It is rarely seen out in the open. |
| ____ Eastern coachwhip (Masticophis flagellum) |
Common |
| Long and thin, coachwhips are found mostly in open or pine woods areas island-wide. The species is oviparous and diurnal even in very hot weather. |
| ____ Florida water snake (Nerodia fasciata) |
Common |
| As the name implies, water snakes are found usually in or near freshwater sites island-wide. They are live-bearing and feed on frogs and other available small vertebrates. |
| ____ Rough green snake (Opheodrys aestivus) |
Common |
| Lithe and beautifully colored, the green snake is often arboreal in bushes and trees, but may be observed crossing roads in wooded or scrub habitats. Off the ground it is rarely observed because of its camouflaged coloration. It is diurnal and oviparous. |
| ____ Pine woods snake (Rhadinaea flavilata) |
Rare |
| Preferred habit of this species is under and in rotten pine logs and stumps. It is known only from one Little Cumberland Island specimen. Oviparous. |
| ____ Florida redbelly snake (Storeria occipitomaculata) |
Rare |
| This secretive, small snake prefers wooded areas under cover. It is known from only one island specimen. The species is live bearing and nocturnal. |
| ____ Peninsula ribbon snake (Thamnophis sauritus) |
Common |
| Ribbon snakes are usually found near freshwater sloughs and ponds, and sometimes wander into nearby terrestrial areas. They are diurnal and live bearing. |
| ____ Eastern garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) |
Common |
| Garter snakes enjoy island-wide distribution from interdune to oak woodlands, near buildings and freshwater shores. They are diurnal and live-bearing. There are two color morphs on the island. |
